Department of State Releases 2019 Visa Refusal Statistics – and They Ain’t Pretty

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Visa refusals continue to skyrocket under the Trump Administration – and it doesn’t seem to matter whether the applicants are from countries considered “friends” or “foes” of the United States.  While the refusal rates for some countries, such as Vietnam, Philippines and Pakistan, have remained relatively stable, other countries have seen a significant jump.  Brazil, Nigeria, Russia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan and China have each seen increases of more than 25% over the past two years, with India and Mexico not far behind.  Below are the visa refusal statistics for B visas for fiscal years 2017-2019. Country % of B Visa Applicants Refused in FY-2017 % of B Visa Applicants Refused in FY-2018 % of B Visa Applicants Refused in FY-2019 % Increase from FY-2017 to FY-2019 Brazil 12.34 12.73 18.48 49.75 China 14.57 17 18.22 25.05 India 23.29 26.07 27.75 19.14 Mexico 22.5 24.93 26.66 18.48 Nigeria 44.95 57.47 67.20 49.49…

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Visa Trends – Higher Refusal Rates in 2015

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The Department of State recently published its 2015 refusal statistics for B visas.  Several countries exceed the 60% mark: Syria, Gambia, Federated States of Micronesia, Mauritania, Liberia, Laos, Haiti, Somalia, Guinea-Bissau, Ghana, Cuba, and Afghanistan.  Among the most populous countries, the refusal rates greatly vary: China – 10.03%; India – 23.78%; Indonesia – 8.71%; Bangladesh – 59.96%; Pakistan – 40.4%; Nigeria – 32.56%; Russia – 10.24%; Philippines – 27.96%; Turkey – 13.88%; and Ukraine – 34.03%. These 2015 refusal rates represent an increase over 2014 for most of these populous countries: for example, the refusal rate for India jumped nearly 4%; in Turkey – more than 6%; in Ukraine – more than 6%; the Philippines – more than 3%; in Pakistan – more than 2%; in Russia – more than 2%; and China – 1%. While on the surface these percentage increases may not seem significant, for these countries –…

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Russian Visa Applicants Struck by 221(g) Epidemic

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Via a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request, I was able to obtain visa statistics (221gMoscowstats0001)  for the US Embassy in Moscow.  Russian visa applicants are no exception to the epidemic of 221(g) decisions around the world.  From 2007-2012, the number of Russian B visa applicants at the US Embassy in Moscow subject to 221(g) more than tripled.  Students and employees of US companies also had their applications increasingly scrutinized: the number of students and H applicants subject to delays more than doubled, and the number of L visa applicants encountering 221(g) increased more than eightfold! The good news is that the overwhelming majority of Russian applicants subject to Section 221(g) receive their visas.  However, the spike in the number of 221(g) delays and bureaucratic hurdles encountered by Russian visa applicants contradicts the public Embassy pronouncements about facilitating travel to the US.   If you are the subject of a substantial 221(g) delay,…

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Summer Work and Travel Scandal at US Embassy in Moscow

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http://www.themoscowtimes.com/news/article/us-embassy-slams-door-on-student-workers/478125.html  

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A Tale of 3 Consular Posts – The Good, The Bad and The Ugly: Tashkent, Moscow, and Jakarta

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Rarely have I had the opportunity to see three consular posts so clearly juxtaposed as I have over the past two weeks in dealing with Tashkent, Moscow, and Jakarta.  The experience only reinforces the notion that it is the decisionmakers and consular managers who drive visa policy, not the other way around. Tashkent has come a long way since we filed a Complaint with the Department of State Office of Inspector General in 2008.  Tashkent is a post with numerous challenges, including fraud, Lottery intermediaries extorting money from Lottery winners, visa overstays, and operating in a relatively poor country.  David Mico, the Consul from 2010 to 2012, was a very good manager who kept an open mind in reviewing visa applications and decisions. He was not afraid to correct a mistake made by a consular officer. His replacement, Otto Westhassel, has followed this tradition by re-opening visa decisions when convincing…

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The New US-Russia Visa Agreement: No Visa Waiver Program Eligibility for Russians

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On September 9, the new US-Russia Visa Agreement took effect. The Department of State has pronounced the Agreement to be “historic”. If “historic” means “repeating history”, this is certainly true: Russians will be eligible for three-year US visas – just as they were back in the late 1990s. If the Department means “making history” by putting Russia on a fast track towards waiving visas for Russian citizens, as it has recently done for Brazil, it could not be more mistaken. The subject of visa-free travel between the US and Russia has been raised periodically. In 2011, then-Prime Minister Putin seemingly caught Vice President Biden off guard by broaching the topic of waiving visas for Russians and Americans. Mr. Biden demurred, saying that he was only the Vice President and only the President can make such a decision. Notwithstanding this demurral, the legal spadework had been in place as far back…

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US Embassy in Moscow “Resets” Visa Policy to 1990s

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“Meet the new boss, same as the old boss…”  The Who, “Won’t Get Fooled Again” We have dedicated the last six blog entries to the worsening visa policy of the United States Embassy in Moscow towards Russians.  This policy has taken various forms: doubling of the refusal rate, while the refusal rates in other countries, such as Brazil, have gone down significantly; making scurrilous allegations against Russians; not giving Russians the ability to respond to allegations; denying visas to babushkas for spending prolonged periods of time in the US; issuing one-year visas instead of the required two-year visas; charging new application fees for repeat “interviews” in which decisions have been preordained; short-circuiting the return of students to the United States; impermissibly readjudicating approved employment petitions.  The implementation of these changes can be pinpointed to the arrival of Richard Beer as Consul General in the fall of 2009 and the departure…

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US Embassy in Moscow – Part VI: Second Interviews – Kangaroo Courts in Moscow

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This is the sixth entry in our blog on negative changes at the US Embassy in Moscow over the past year. Wikipedia defines “kanagaroo court” as “a sham legal proceeding or court. The outcome of a trial by kangaroo court is essentially determined in advance, usually for the purpose of ensuring conviction, either by going through the motions of manipulated procedure or by allowing no defense at all.  A kangaroo court’s proceedings deny, hinder or obstruct due process rights in the name of expediency.”  In reading letters of twice-denied applicants and talking to Russians who have re-applied for a visa after an initial denial, the image of a kanagaroo court comes to mind. While the US Embassy in Moscow promises a fresh look at a visa re-application after a denial, conducted by a different consular officer, it is clear that the second officer is automatically deferring to the first officer.   For example, I…

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US Embassy in Moscow – Part V: Stay Home in Russia, Babushka.

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This is the fifth entry of our blog on the negative policy changes taking place at the US Embassy in Moscow over the past year. What babushka does not want to spend time with her grandchildren or help out her daughter in tending to a newly-born child?  Well, babushka needs to be careful because she is now under the microscope of the American Embassy in Moscow. Many people are under the impression that as long as they abide by the term of the I-94 form (the form issued by the Customs and Border Patrol upon entry to the United States indicating how long the visitor is entitled to remain in the US), they will not have a problem receiving a new visa.  That is not the case. Exhibit A: Russian babushka going to visit her US permanent resident or citizen daughter and grandchildren in the US. The Embassy in Moscow…

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US Embassy in Moscow – Part IV: Referral of Approved Work Petitions Back to USCIS or “How to Avoid the Black Hole”

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Individuals seeking to receive a visa to work in the United States go through a two-step process: 1) the US company employer files a petition with the USCIS, and 2) after approval, applies for a visa at the consulate abroad.  The consular officer must issue the visa to the visa applicant unless 1) he is not admissible (problem of a criminal, medical, etc… nature); 2) there was fraud or material misrepresentations in the process; or 3) the officer discovers new, material, adverse information at the time of the visa application.  Referrals back to USCIS are supposed to be rare; consular officers are prohibited from substituting their judgment for the judgment of the USCIS because USCIS is the lead agency in approving employment petitions.  The consequences of referral back to USCIS: a 6-12 month black hole in which the petition awaits re-adjudication by USCIS and the visa applicant is not permitted…

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US Embassy in Moscow – Part III: Mandatory Travel to Western Europe or “Since when is Spain not a part of Western Europe?”

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American law requires that visitor visa applicants have ties to their home country that will ensure that they will return after a visit to the United States.  However, consular officers at the US Embassy in Moscow have recently reinstated another requirement for many first-time visa applicants: it requires them to travel to Western Europe first before it will issue a visa.   This policy is not a new one; it was in place in the early 2000s.  (In fact, I exchanged correspondence with the Consul General at that time, Jim Pettit, on this issue.) During the boom times of the mid-2000s, that policy started to recede. But over the course of the past year, that policy has been re-instated, with travel to Europe being the dispositive factor.   One denied applicant recently was explicitly advised at her interview that if she goes to Europe for a visit, she could then re-apply and…

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US Embassy in Moscow – Part II – Visas Issued for One Year instead of Two: Russians on Probation

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This is the second blog in an ongoing series on the negative changes in visa policy of the US Embassy in Moscow. Russian citizens applying for B-1/B-2 (visitor) and certain work visas are entitled to two-year visas.  Department of State rules require, with rare exception, that consular officers in Russia issue to Russian applicants in these categories visas valid for two years.  The rare exception is justified only when a consular officer believes that an applicant’s personal circumstances may change in the next year. That has not stopped the US Embassy in Moscow from implementing its own policy change.  Many first-time Russian applicants over the past year have been unpleasantly surprised to find out that they would receive one-year, “trial run” visas, instead of two-year visas which they requested.  In effect, the Embassy has placed these applicants on probation – not trusting them to comply with the terms of their…

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US Embassy in Moscow – Part I: Refusal Rate of Russians Doubled. How are Russians worse than Brazilians?

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Let us start with the big picture. The refusal rate by the US Embassy in Moscow doubled from 2009 to 2010: from 4.9% to 10.3%.  The official statistics can be found at these links: http://www.travel.state.gov/pdf/FY10.pdf http://www.travel.state.gov/pdf/FY09.pdf Only five countries had a higher increase in refusal rates, and each of those countries is small. In 2011, the refusal rate for Russians remained at 10.3%.  Most notably, the refusal rate in Brazil, a country to which Russia is often compared to in terms of its rapid economic development, is now 3.8%, nearly three times lower than Russia! This doubling of the refusal rate has made the news.  It was the subject of an article in the Moscow Times in August, in which yours truly was quoted.  The Russian government has been pressing the Americans to abolish the visa regime, but under US law one of the requirements for abolition of the visa…

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US Embassy in Moscow: What Changed?

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Over the past year, the number of complaints we have received regarding the US Embassy in Moscow has increased exponentially.  What changed? Over the next month, we will discuss this in more detail on this blog.

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